Inika peni hoʻopaʻa mau me ka waihoʻoluʻu ʻulaʻula ma luna o ka lāʻau/pepa/pōhaku/ʻili/anianiani/pōhaku/metala/canvas/ceramic
Hiʻona
No ka hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻailona ma luna o ka ʻili, pono ke kūpaʻa ka ʻīnika i ka wai a kūpaʻa i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe wai ʻole.ʻO ka mea maʻamau ka ʻaila a i ʻole ka waiʻona nā māka mau.ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpale wai a ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi ma mua o nā ʻano marker ʻē aʻe.
E pili ana i ka Inika Makaka Mau
ʻO nā māka paʻa kekahi ʻano peni peni.Hoʻolālā ʻia lākou no ka manawa lōʻihi a pale i ka wai.No ka hana ʻana i kēia, hana ʻia lākou mai ka hui ʻana o nā kemika, nā puaʻa, a me ka resin.Hiki iā ʻoe ke koho mai nā ʻano kala like ʻole.
I ka wā mua, ua hana ʻia lākou mai ka xylene, kahi ʻaila ʻaila.Eia nō naʻe, i nā makahiki 1990, ua hoʻololi nā mea hana ʻīnika i nā ʻawaʻawa liʻiliʻi.
Hana like kēia mau ʻano māka i nā hoʻokolohua.Ma waho aʻe o nā waiʻona, ʻo nā mea nui he resin a me nā kala.ʻO ka resin he polimer e like me ke kāpili e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka waihoʻoluʻu inika ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe.
ʻO nā puaʻa ka mea kala i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i nā māka mau.ʻAʻole like me nā kala, kūʻē lākou i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia e ka haʻahaʻa a me nā mea kūlohelohe.He polar ʻole lākou, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoheheʻe i ka wai.